నైరూప్య

Benefits to human health of experimental models by using laboratory mice and rats: Overview and attributes in microbiology medical research.

Giorgio Silva-Santana, Ana Luiza Mattos-Guaraldi, Katia Calvi Lenzi-Almeida

The use of animals in scientific experiments became more frequent between the 16^th and 18^th centuries. With the advances in this area, the regulation of ethical norms and laws of animal protection were necessary to guide researchers in the correct use of procedures and the conscious use of animals. Currently, studies in the health field developed in human beings such as prophylactic measures and treatment for diseases must be previously conducted in laboratory animals. This study aimed to describe an overview of benefits to human health of experimental models by using laboratory mice and rats. Data included the use of laboratory of animals in scientific research and ethics procedures, addressing taxonomic aspects, and biological, physiological and reproductive parameters. Applicability of these laboratory of animals in microbiology medical research, including strain-dependent virulence mechanisms of human pathogens, also expressing multiresistance profiles, such as Staphylococcus aureus, was also verified. Mice and rats are the most used species in experiments. Laboratory animals are currently used in all fields of biological research. Although current trends advocate the use of alternative methods,in vivo studies still provide the most relevant results.